HTML Links – Part 3

This is the last post regarding HTML Links.
The previous posts:
HTML Links – Part 2.
HTML Links – Part 1.

The Anchor tag <a>

Optional Attributes:

charset=Character-set The Character Encoding of the document in the target URL.
coords=Coordinates Coordinates used with an object or img element.
href=URL The target URL of the link.
hreflang=LanguageCode The language of the document in the target URL.
name=BookmarkName Create a bookmark in a document.
rel=Relationship The relation of the target URL to the current page.
rev=Relationship The relation of the current page to the target URL.
shape=Shape Defines the shape of a link.
target=Target Specifies where the target URL will open.
type=mimeType Specifies the MIME type (content type) of the target URL.

Standard Attributes:

accesskey, class, dir, id, lang, style, tabindex, title, xml:lang

Event Attributes:

onblur, onclick, ondblclick, onfocus, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseover, onmouseup

In the earlier days of the web ASCII was the default character-set. These days the default character-set for modern browsers is ISO-8859-1. Another common character-set is UTF-8 (Unicode).
Note: Remember a browser doesn’t understand all of the character-sets.

Syntax: <a cset="Character-set">

ISO Character-sets

Character set	Description	Covers
ISO-8859-1	Latin alphabet part 1	North America, Western Europe, Latin America, the Caribbean, Canada, Africa
ISO-8859-2	Latin alphabet part 2	Eastern Europe
ISO-8859-3	Latin alphabet part 3	SE Europe, Esperanto, miscellaneous others
ISO-8859-4	Latin alphabet part 4	Scandinavia/Baltics (and others not in ISO-8859-1)
ISO-8859-5	Latin/Cyrillic part 5	The languages that are using a Cyrillic alphabet such as Bulgarian, Belarusian, Russian and Macedonian
ISO-8859-6	Latin/Arabic part 6	The languages that are using the Arabic alphabet
ISO-8859-7	Latin/Greek part 7	The modern Greek language as well as mathematical symbols derived from the Greek
ISO-8859-8	Latin/Hebrew part 8	The languages that are using the Hebrew alphabet
ISO-8859-9	Latin 5 part 9	The Turkish language. Same as ISO-8859-1 except Turkish characters replace Icelandic ones
ISO-8859-10	Latin 6 Lappish, Nordic, Eskimo	The Nordic languages
ISO-8859-15	Latin 9 (aka Latin 0)	Similar to ISO 8859-1 but replaces some less common symbols with the euro sign and some other missing characters
ISO-2022-JP	Latin/Japanese part 1	The Japanese language
ISO-2022-JP-2	Latin/Japanese part 2	The Japanese language
ISO-2022-KR	Latin/Korean part 1	The Korean language

Unicode Character-Sets

Character-set	Description
UTF-8	A character in UTF8 can be from 1 to 4 bytes long. UTF-8 can represent any character in the Unicode standard. UTF-8 is backwards compatible with ASCII. UTF-8 is the preferred encoding for e-mail and web pages
UTF-16	16-bit Unicode Transformation Format is a variable-length character encoding for Unicode, capable of encoding the entire Unicode repertoire. UTF-16 is used in major operating systems and environments, like Microsoft Windows 2000/XP/2003/Vista/CE and the Java and .NET byte code environments

coords

The coords attribute is used together with the shape attribute to specify the size, shape, and placement of a link in an object or img element. The coordinates of the top, left corner of an area are 0,0.
Note: Not supported in all browsers!!!
Syntax: <a coors="Coordinates,">

Value	Description
x1,y1,x2,y2	If the shape attribute is set to “rect”, you need to specify the coordinates of the left-top corner and the right-bottom corner of the rectangle.
x,y,radius	If the shape attribute is set to “circ”, you need to specify the coordinates of the circle center and the radius.
x1,y1,x2,y2,..,xn,yn	If the shape attribute is set to “poly”, you need to specify the coordinates of the edges of the polygon. If the first and last coordinate pairs are not the same, you need to specify the last coordinate pair to close the polygon.

Syntax: <a href="URL,">
Have a look at the previous two posts: HTML Links – Part 1 and HTML Links – Part 2.
Back to Top

hreflang

A two-letter language code that specifies the language of the document in the target URL.
Syntax: <a hreflang="languageCode">
ISO 639-1 Language Codes

Language	ISO Code
Abkhazian	ab
Afar	aa
Afrikaans	af
Albanian	sq
Amharic	am
Arabic	ar
Armenian	hy
Assamese	as
Aymara	ay
Azerbaijani	az
Bashkir	ba
Basque	eu
Bengali (Bangla)	bn
Bhutani	dz
Bihari	bh
Bislama	bi
Breton	br
Bulgarian	bg
Burmese	my
Byelorussian (Belarusian)	be
Cambodian	km
Catalan	ca
Chinese (Simplified)	zh
Chinese (Traditional)	zh
Corsican	co
Croatian	hr
Czech	cs
Danish	da
Dutch	nl
English	en
Esperanto	eo
Estonian	et
Faeroese	fo
Farsi	fa
Fiji	fj
Finnish	fi
French	fr
Frisian	fy
Galician	gl
Gaelic (Scottish)	gd
Gaelic (Manx)	gv
Georgian	ka
German	de
Greek	el
Greenlandic	kl
Guarani	gn
Gujarati	gu
Hausa	ha
Hebrew	he, iw
Hindi	hi
Hungarian	hu
Icelandic	is
Indonesian	id, in
Interlingua	ia
Interlingue	ie
Inuktitut	iu
Inupiak	ik
Irish	ga
Italian	it
Japanese	ja
Javanese	jv
Kannada	kn
Kashmiri	ks
Kazakh	kk
Kinyarwanda (Ruanda)	rw
Kirghiz	ky
Kirundi (Rundi)	rn
Korean	ko
Kurdish	ku
Laothian	lo
Latin	la
Latvian (Lettish)	lv
Limburgish ( Limburger)	li
Lingala	ln
Lithuanian	lt
Macedonian	mk
Malagasy	mg
Malay	ms
Malayalam	ml
Maltese	mt
Maori	mi
Marathi	mr
Moldavian	mo
Mongolian	mn
Nauru	na
Nepali	ne
Norwegian	no
Occitan	oc
Oriya	or
Oromo (Afan, Galla)	om
Pashto (Pushto)	ps
Polish	pl
Portuguese	pt
Punjabi	pa
Quechua	qu
Rhaeto-Romance	rm
Romanian	ro
Russian	ru
Samoan	sm
Sangro	sg
Sanskrit	sa
Serbian	sr
Serbo-Croatian	sh
Sesotho	st
Setswana	tn
Shona	sn
Sindhi	sd
Sinhalese	si
Siswati	ss
Slovak	sk
Slovenian	sl
Somali	so
Spanish	es
Sundanese	su
Swahili (Kiswahili)	sw
Swedish	sv
Tagalog	tl
Tajik	tg
Tamil	ta
Tatar	tt
Telugu	te
Thai	th
Tibetan	bo
Tigrinya	ti
Tonga	to
Tsonga	ts
Turkish	tr
Turkmen	tk
Twi	tw
Uighur	ug
Ukrainian	uk
Urdu	ur
Uzbek	uz
Vietnamese	vi
Volapük	vo
Welsh	cy
Wolof	wo
Xhosa	xh
Yiddish	yi, ji
Yoruba	yo
Zulu	zu

name

Create a bookmark in a document.
Syntax: <a name="name">
Was discussed in HTML Links – Part 1.
Back to Top

rel

The relation of the target URL to the current page.
Syntax: <a rel="relationship">

Value	Description
alternate	An alternate version of the document e.g. translated, mirror, etc.
appendix	An appendix of a selection of documents.
bookmark	A related document.
chapter	A chapter of a selection of documents.
contents	A table of contents for the document.
copyright	A document containing copyright information.
glossary	A glossary (explanation) of words used in the document.
help	A help document.
index	An index for the document.
next	The next document in the current selection.
prev	The previous document in the current selection.
section	A section of a selection of documents.
start	The first document in a selection.
stylesheet	An external style sheet for the document.
subsection	A subsection of a selection of documents.

rev

The relation of the current page to the target URL. This is the opposite of the rel attribute.
Syntax: <a rev="relationship">

Value	Description
alternate	An alternate version of the document e.g. translated, mirror, etc.
appendix	An appendix of a selection of documents.
bookmark	A related document.
chapter	A chapter of a selection of documents.
contents	A table of contents for the document.
copyright	A document containing copyright information.
glossary	A glossary (explanation) of words used in the document.
help	A help document.
index	An index for the document.
next	The next document in the current selection.
prev	The previous document in the current selection.
section	A section of a selection of documents.
start	The first document in a selection.
stylesheet	An external style sheet for the document.
subsection	A subsection of a selection of documents.

shape

Syntax: <a shape="link-shape">

Value	Description
default	Specifies the entire region.
rect	Defines a rectangular region.
circle	Defines a circular region.
poly	Defines a polygonal region.

target

Syntax: <a target="target">
Was discussed in HTML Links – Part 1.

Value	Description
_blank	Target URL opens in a new window
_self	Target URL will open in the same frame as it was clicked.
_parent	Target URL will open in the parent frameset.
_top	Target URL will open in the full body of the window.
framename	Name of the target frame the URL should open in.
_tab	Target URL will open in a new tab page if the browser supports it, otherwise in a new window.

type

Specifies the content type of the target URL.
Syntax: <a type="mimeType">
A commonly used example is: <a type="text/html">
A list of registered content types can be find here.

Note to Facebook Note Readers: Facebook Notes is not supporting tables, rather view the original post.

This was the last part of HTML Links.

4 March 2009 Posted by zellis | HTML | Anchor, HTML, html links | No Comments Yet